Cancer

Cancer is a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal body cells. The human body is made up of billions of cells. Normally, cells reproduce themselves by dividing so that growth occurs. Worn-out tissue is replaced and injuries are repaired in this manner.

Occasionally, cells grow abnormally, into a mass called a tumour. Some tumours are benign (noncancerous); others are malignant, or cancerous. The growth of a benign tumour may interfere with body function, but these tumours are seldom life-threatening. Malignant tumours, on the other hand, invade and destroy normal tissue. By a process called metastasis, cells break away from a cancerous tumour and spread through the blood and lymphatic system to other parts of the body where they form new tumours. Sometimes cancer grows and spreads rapidly. In other cases, it develops and spreads slowly.

Worldwide, millions of people live with cancer. Early detection is important because it may improve a patient's prognosis. A variety of tests are used to diagnose, determine the type, and monitor the progression of cancer. Screening tests are used to detect certain types of cancer before symptoms develop. Tests also provide critical information used to make treatment decisions. The objectives of treatment options may include inducing remission of the cancer, controlling its progress, or treating symptoms and complications. Nutritional products can be used to maintain or improve nutritional status in people with cancer.